It is now almost dawn, and you notice that there are many buildings on the outskirts of the town. You decide to explore a little and see if you can learn about some of the variations of Kant’s theories. You approach a stately looking building with an English flair. You knock on the door and are surprised by who answers! “Aren’t you the famed Max Weber, the founder of modern sociology?”
“I am indeed. Is there a reason you are pounding on my door at the break of dawn?” barks the man. Weber has an aristocratic air but there is a wild look in his eyes. “I live here,” he continues, “because some of my theories echo those of Kant. I have great respect for Kant’s notion of rational agency, autonomy and the idea that humans must be both free to make decisions and disciplined enough to follow one’s duty to follow universal laws. However, while Kant believed that a person would overcome lower instincts and follow categorical imperatives, I’m not so sure.” Weber continues, “I find the world and humankind to be very disenchanting.”
“But I’m not disenchanted,” you counter. However, Weber cuts you off and continues his rant.
“Further, what is freedom, really? Kant seems to think that because a person freely chooses to act morally, that person is self-governing and therefore free. But Kant is so caught up by his universal laws. If a person is bound to obey these universal laws, isn’t this a type of domination by the law itself? Doesn’t that conflict with the very freedom that is essential to Kant? Rules, rules, rules. And with it comes power to create rules and the authority to enforce. Then comes bureaucracy. Bureaucracy dominates the entire world! Where is the individual, I ask?” Weber moans.
“Wow, that is deep,” you reply, “And you seem awfully pessimistic. This is too heavy for me. I’ve got to get going. Do you recommend anyone else around here who might have time to chat?”
“Do you really have to go? Stick around and I can explain my theories of bureaucracy and their effect on capitalism! This manuscript will explain everything,” Weber exclaims as he hands you a binder with the words The Protestant Work Ethic scribbled on the cover. Weber continues, “If you must go, there is a French fellow down the road who claims to follow the Kantian tradition, and also has ties to some of my work, I might add. Try knocking on his door. I’ve heard he’s sick, but he may be able to chat.”
“Thanks” you mutter, as you make your way down the road.
